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You are here: Home / Archives for Weekly Safety Meetings

October 14, 2014 By admin Leave a Comment

Prevention Videos (v-Tools) – Construction Hazards

Workers_ConstructionPulleyEvery year in the U.S. more than 800 construction workers die and nearly 137,000 are seriously injured while on the job. Construction workers engage in many activities that may expose them to serious hazards, such as falling from rooftops, unguarded machinery, being struck by heavy construction equipment, electrocutions, silica dust, and asbestos.

The videos below show how quickly workers can be injured or killed on the job and are intended to assist those in the industry to identify, reduce, and eliminate construction-related hazards. Most of the videos are 2 to 4 minutes long, presented in clear, easily accessible vocabulary, and show common construction worksite activities. The videos may be used for employer and worker training. Each video presents:

  • A worksite incident based on true stories that resulted in worker injury or death.
  • Corrective actions for preventing these types of incidents.

NOTE: Please be advised that some of the videos deal with deaths at construction sites and might be disturbing for some people.

To launch any of the videos, click this link: https://www.osha.gov/dts/vtools/construction.html to visit the correct web page.  Then mouse over the following picture and click on a highlighted part of the picture, or click on an entry in the listing to the left of the picture.

Screen Shot 2014-10-14 at 7.34.53 AM

Source: United States Department of Labor, “Prevention Videos (v-Tools) | Construction Hazards” http://www.osha.gov website. Accessed October 14, 2014. https://www.osha.gov/dts/vtools/construction.html

© Copyright 2014. All rights reserved. This content is strictly for informational purposes and although experts have prepared it, the reader should not substitute this information for professional insurance advice. If you have any questions, please consult your insurance professional before acting on any information presented. Read more.

Filed Under: Business, Compliance, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 4, Weekly Safety Meetings, Work Comp Claims Mgt, Workers' Comp

August 6, 2014 By Julian Aston Leave a Comment

IN: OSHA: Resources For Small Business Employers

Dear Valued Customer,

In this issue of the “——————“ we focus on OSHA resources for small business employers.

There are numerous OSHA resources and an abundance of information designed specifically for small business employers, including safety and health tools and publications, easy-to-follow guides for specific OSHA standards, and descriptions of benefits that small businesses receive from OSHA. OSHA provides free assistance to create safe and healthy work environments for thousands of business. Read on for all the details.

We appreciate your continued business and look forward to serving you.

Kind regards,

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 111, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By admin Leave a Comment

OSHA Training Institute

Workers_ClappingThe OSHA Training Institute provides training and education in occupational safety and health for federal and state compliance officers, state consultants, other federal agency personnel, and the private sector.

Course Listings and Descriptions


#2040
Machinery and Machine Guarding Standards
Description: This course introduces the student to machinery processes and the related safety standards. The course focuses on the hazards associated with various primary types of machinery and the control of hazardous energy sources (lockout/ tagout). This is a Blended Learning Course. Students must complete a web-based training portion of the course prior to attending the resident portion. The web-based portion may require up to 5 hours seat time. The course focuses on hazards created by mechanical motions and actions, points of operation, and other machinery processes. Hands-on training in the Institute’s laboratories and plant tours provide opportunities to see equipment in operation.
#2050
Cranes and Rigging Safety for Construction
Description: This course introduces the student to the various types of mobile cranes and tower cranes used in construction operations. Students are provided with intermediate information concerning crane operations, crane inspection and maintenance, rigging inspection, reading load charts, and corresponding OSHA and consensus standards. Exercises in applying OSHA and ANSI standards, reading load charts and rigging tables, and preventing accidents are conducted.
#2060
Longshoring and Marine Terminal Processes and Standards
Description: This course introduces longshoring, covers vessel and equipment nomenclature and the application of the longshoring and marine terminal standards. Course highlights include field exercises at a working vessel or landship for longshoring orientation.
#2080
Cranes and Materials Handling for General industry
Description: This course prepares students to inspect various types of overhead cranes, hoists, and powered industrial trucks used in general industry. Students learn to apply basic information concerning overhead and gantry cranes, wire rope, slings, and crane inspection and maintenance procedures, according to appropriate OSHA and ANSI standards and related requirements. Operation and maintenance of powered industrial trucks is also covered. The course features a one-day, hands-on inspection of overhead cranes and hoists
#2090
Shipyard Employment
Description: This course introduces shipyard operations and standards, including the jurisdictional considerations of enforcement. This course covers ship building, repair, breaking, and barge cleaning, and the application of shipyard standards. The course consists of several workshops where the student will have to analyze various scenarios to determine the hazard(s), related standard(s), and apply corrective actions. Course highlights include a field trip to an operating shipyard for a shipyard orientation, and to review the processes involved in building a ship.
#3020
Underground Construction and Tunneling
Description: This course focuses on the safety and health aspects of underground operations and the related OSHA standards. This is a Blended Learning Course. Students must complete a web-based training portion of the course prior to attending the resident portion. The web-based portion of the course may require up to 9 hours seat time. The student is introduced to basic tunneling operations, from sinking the initial shaft to completion of the project. Topics include inspection procedures, drill and blast methods, boring machines, and environmental controls including air quality and ventilation.
#3030
Concrete, Forms and Shoring
Description: This course introduces the student to principles of forms and shoring and the quality of concrete, hot and cold weather placing practices, and inspection procedures. This is a Blended Learning Course. Students must complete a web-based training portion of the course prior to attending the resident portion. The web-based portion of the course may require up to 7 hours seat time. Topics include relevant OSHA standards, curing of concrete, form removal, and ASTM standards on sampling concrete. The session includes laboratories on making concrete, testing hardened concrete, reinforced concrete, pre- and post-stressing of concrete, lift-slab construction, and reading concrete construction blueprints and shoring plans.
#3040
Power Press Guarding
Description: This course focuses on the specific requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217, Mechanical Power Presses. Part revolution and full revolution clutch mechanisms are discussed in detail, with related hazards and guarding methods. Students operate presses in the Institute laboratory, determine appropriate safeguards, and analyze press operations. The students will examine the application of OSHA Directive CPL 03-00-003 – National Emphasis Program on Amputations, October 27, 2006 as it applies to power presses.
#3060
Safety and Health for Grain Handling Operations
Description: This course focuses on the safety and health aspects of the grain handling industry. This is a Blended Learning Course. Students must complete a web-based training portion of the course prior to attending the resident portion. The web-based portion may require up to 8 hours seat time. The web-based portion of the course overviews the grain handling industry, the various processes, and recognized hazards. Students will observe the operation of grain milling and storage, participate in an mock inspection to identify staged hazards in a grain elevator facility, and observe proper operating procedures. Students will review health hazards common to grain handling such as dusts, pesticides, and fumigants, and exposure control methods. Course materials include case histories and a review of OSHA policies and procedures.
#3070
Safety and Health in Sawmills and Logging Operations
Description: This course introduces the basic components of sawmill operations, from log handling to finished products. Hazards, proper controls, and related OSHA standards are discussed for each operation. Topics such as materials handling, electrical hazards, machine guarding, and health hazards are covered. Course features a field exercise at an operating sawmill and a series of field exercises at a logging site.
#3080
Principle of Scaffolding
Description: This course focuses on the safety aspects of scaffolding and current OSHA requirements. This is a Blended Learning Course. Students must complete a web-based training portion of the course prior to attending the resident portion. The web-based portion of the course may require up to 10 hours seat time. The student is introduced to the basics of scaffolding operations from installation to dismantling. Topics include supported and suspended scaffolds, aerial lifts, and the interpretation of related standards. Installation and dismantling methods are demonstrated.
#3110
Fall Arrest Systems
Description: This is a course mainly to train OSHA compliance officers on how to conduct an Oil and Gas safety and health inspection. We offer this course once a year and the next offering will be in May of 2012. For private sector employees, you should take a similar course from one of the OTI education centers.
#3150
Tower Safety
Description: This course is designed to assist OSHA personnel in recognizing the hazards associated with the construction and maintenance of communications towers. This is a Blended Learning Course. Students must complete a web-based training portion of the course prior to attending the resident portion. The web-based portion of the course may require up to 8 hours seat time. Emphasis is placed on acceptable abatement methods, applicable standards, and the implementation of CPL 02-01-036 Interim Inspection Procedures During Communication Tower Construction Activities. Course features a one-day field exercise demonstrating tower erection and safety.
#3220
Applied Welding Principles
Description: This course is designed to increase the student’s knowledge of the processes and hazards associated with welding operations. Topics include the various types of welding processes such as oxy-acetylene, MIG, TIG, and open arc; proper use of each process; personal protective equipment; safety and health hazard recognition and control; and OSHA requirements for general industry and construction. Course features demonstrations and hands-on exercises using various types of welding equipment and a one-half day field exercise.
#3500
Demolition
Description: This course is designed for enforcement personnel who have responsibility for construction demolition safety and health. Course highlights include scope and application of the OSHA standard, terminology, processes, and equipment. Special emphasis is placed on the most hazardous demolition activities. A tour of an active demolition site is arranged. Click for more Information
#6010
Occupational Safety and Health Course for Other Federal Agencies
Description: This course is designed for full-time Federal agency safety and health officers or supervisors assigned responsibilities under Executive Order 12196 and 29 CFR 1960. The course provides an overview of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, Federal agency occupational safety and health responsibilities, and workplace inspection techniques. Participants are given instruction in various OSHA standards. Special emphasis is directed at safety and health hazards that are causing serious injuries and illnesses in the Federal sector. The course features a mock inspection and use of laboratory equipment.This course is limited to Federal agency personnel only.

Source: United States Department of Labor, “OSHA Training Institute” https://www.osha.gov website. Accessed November 24, 2015. https://www.osha.gov/dte/oti/index.html

© Copyright 2016. All rights reserved. This content is strictly for informational purposes and although experts have prepared it, the reader should not substitute this information for professional insurance advice. If you have any questions, please consult your insurance professional before acting on any information presented. Read more.

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 111, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By Julian Aston Leave a Comment

IN: Preventing Injuries & Fatalities On Stairways & Ladders

Dear Valued Customer,

In this issue of the “——————“ we focus on preventing injuries and fatalities on stairways and ladders.

Stairways and ladders are a major source of injuries and fatalities among construction workers. In fact, OSHA estimates that there are 24,882 injuries and as many as 36 fatalities per year due to falls from stairways and ladders used in construction. OSHA’s requirements for the safe use of ladders and stairways could have prevented many of these injuries, so please read the OSHA rules that follow.

We appreciate your continued business and look forward to serving you.

Kind regards,

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 110, Uncategorized, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By admin Leave a Comment

Stairways & Ladders

Workers_ConstructionWorkerHurtLeg

Stairways and ladders are a major source of injuries and fatalities among construction workers.

OSHA estimates that there are 24,882 injuries and as many as 36 fatalities per year due to falls from stairways and ladders used in construction. Nearly half of these injuries are serious enough to require time off the job–11,570 lost workday injuries and 13,312 non-lost workday injuries occur annually due to falls from stairways and ladders used in construction. These data demonstrate that work on and around ladders and stairways is hazardous. More importantly, they show that compliance with OSHA’s requirements for the safe use of ladders and stairways could have prevented many of these injuries.

This discussion serves as a quick and easy reference for use on job sites. The requirements of OSHA safety regulations for the safe use of ladders and stairs (Subpart X, Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926.1050 through 1926.1060) are explained in this discussion.

SCOPE AND APPLICATION

The OSHA rules apply to all stairways and ladders used in construction, alteration, repair (including painting and decorating), and demolition of work sites covered by OSHA’s construction safety and health standards. They also specify when stairways and ladders must be provided. They do not apply to ladders that are specifically manufactured for scaffold access and egress, but do apply to job-made and manufactured portable ladders intended for general purpose use and which are then used for scaffold access and egress.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

  • A stairway or ladder must be provided at all worker points of access where there is a break in elevation of 19 inches (48 cm) or more and no ramp, runway, embankment, or personnel hoist is provided.
  • When there is only one point of access between levels, it must be kept clear to permit free passage by workers. If free passage becomes restricted, a second point of access must be provided and used.
  • When there are more than two points of access between levels, at least one point of access must be kept clear.
  • All stairway and ladder fall protection systems required by these rules must be installed and all duties required by the stairway and ladder rules must be performed before employees begin work that requires them to use stairways or ladders and their respective fall protection systems.

STAIRWAYS

The following general requirements apply to all stairways used during the process of construction, as indicated:

  • Stairways that will not be a permanent part of the structure on which construction work is performed must have landings at least 30 inches deep and 22 inches wide (76 x 56 cm) at every 12 feet (3.7 m) or less of vertical rise.
  • Stairways must be installed at least 30 degrees, and no more than 50 degrees, from the horizontal.
  • Variations in riser height or stair tread depth must not exceed 1/4 inch in any stairway system, including any foundation structure used as one or more treads of the stairs.
  • Where doors or gates open directly onto a stairway, a platform must be provided that is at least 20 inches (51 cm) in width beyond the swing of the door.
  • Metal pan landings and metal pan treads must be secured in place before filling.
  • All stairway parts must be free of dangerous projections such as protruding nails.
  • Slippery conditions on stairways must be corrected.
  • Spiral stairways that will not be a permanent part of the structure may not be used by workers.

The following requirements apply to stairs in temporary service during construction:

  • Except during construction of the actual stairway, stairways with metal pan landings and treads must not be used where the treads and/or landings have not been filled in with concrete or other material, unless the pans of the stairs and/or landings are temporarily filled in with wood or other material. All treads and landings must be replaced when worn below the top edge of the pan.
  • Except during construction of the actual stairway, skeleton metal frame structures and steps must not be used (where treads and/or landings are to be installed at a later date) unless the stairs are fitted with secured temporary treads and landings.
  • Temporary treads must be made of wood or other solid material and installed the full width and depth of the stair.

STAIRRAILS AND HANDRAILS

The following general requirements apply to all stairrails and handrails:

  • Stairways having four or more risers, or rising more than 30 inches (76 cm) in height, whichever is less, must have at least one handrail. A stairrail also must be installed along each unprotected side or edge. When the top edge of a stairrail system also serves as a handrail, the height of the top edge must not be more than 37 inches (94 cm) nor less than 36 inches (91.5 cm) from the upper surface of the stairrail to the surface of the tread.
  • Winding or spiral stairways must be equipped with a handrail to prevent using areas where the tread width is less than 6 inches (15 cm).
  • Stairrails installed after March 15, 1991, must not be less than 36 inches (91.5 cm) in height.
  • Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, or equivalent intermediate structural members must be provided between the top rail and stairway steps of the stairrail system.
  • Midrails, when used, must be located midway between the top of the stairrail system and the stairway steps.
  • Screens or mesh, when used, must extend from the top rail to the stairway step, and along the opening between top rail supports.
  • Intermediate vertical members, such as balusters, when used, must not be more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart.
  • Other intermediate structural members, when used, must be installed so that there are no openings of more than 19 inches (48 cm) wide.
  • Handrails and the top rails of the stairrail systems must be capable of withstanding, without failure, at least 200 pounds (890 n) of weight applied within 2 inches (5 cm) of the top edge in any downward or outward direction, at any point along the top edge.
  • The height of handrails must not be more than 37 inches (94 cm) nor less than 30 inches (76 cm) from the upper surface of the handrail to the surface of the tread.
  • The height of the top edge of a stairrail system used as a handrail must not be more than 37 inches (94 cm) nor less than 36 inches (91.5 cm)1 from the upper surface of the stairrail system to the surface of the tread.
  • Stairrail systems and handrails must be surfaced to prevent injuries such as punctures or lacerations and to keep clothing from snagging.
  • Handrails must provide an adequate handhold for employees to grasp to prevent falls.
  • The ends of stairrail systems and handrails must be constructed to prevent dangerous projections such as rails protruding beyond the end posts of the system.
  • Temporary handrails must have a minimum clearance of 3 inches (8 cm) between the handrail and walls, stairrails systems, and other objects.
  • Unprotected sides and edges of stairway landings must be provided with standard 42-inch (1.1 m) guardrail systems.

LADDERS

The following general requirements apply to all ladders, including job-made ladders:

  • A double-cleated ladder or two or more ladders must be provided when ladders are the only way to enter or exit a work area having 25 or more employees, or when a ladder serves simultaneous two-way traffic.
  • Ladder rungs, cleats, and steps must be parallel, level, and uniformly spaced when the ladder is in position for use.
  • Rungs, cleats, and steps of portable and fixed ladders (except as provided below) must not be spaced less than 10 inches (25 cm) apart, nor more than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, along the ladder’s side rails.
  • Rungs, cleats, and steps of step stools must not be less than 8 inches (20 cm) apart, nor more than 12 inches (31 cm) apart, between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps.
  • Rungs, cleats, and steps at the base section of extension trestle ladders must not be less than 8 inches (20 cm) nor more than 18 inches (46 cm) apart, between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. The rung spacing on the extension section must not be less than 6 inches (15 cm) nor more than 12 inches (31 cm).
  • Ladders must not be tied or fastened together to create longer sections unless they are specifically designed for such use.
  • A metal spreader or locking device must be provided on each stepladder to hold the front and back sections in an open position when the ladder is being used.
  • When splicing side rails, the resulting side rail must be equivalent in strength to a one-piece side rail made of the same material.
  • Two or more separate ladders used to reach an elevated work area must be offset with a platform or landing between the ladders, except when portable ladders are used to gain access to fixed ladders.
  • Ladder components must be surfaced to prevent injury from punctures or lacerations, and prevent snagging of clothing.
  • Wood ladders must not be coated with any opaque covering, except for identification or warning labels which may be placed only on one face of a side rail.

Portable Ladders

  • Non-self-supporting and self-supporting portable ladders must support at least four times the maximum intended load; extra heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladders must sustain 3.3 times the maximum intended load. The ability of a self-supporting ladder to sustain loads must be determined by applying the load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction. The ability of a non-self-supporting ladder to sustain loads must be determined by applying the load in a downward vertical direction when the ladder is placed at a horizontal angle of 75.5 degrees.
  • The minimum clear distance between side rails for all portable ladders must be 11.5 inches (29 cm).
  • The rungs and steps of portable metal ladders must be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or treated to minimize slipping.

Fixed Ladders

  • A fixed ladder must be capable of supporting at least two loads of 250 pounds (114 kg) each, concentrated between any two consecutive attachments. Fixed ladders also must support added anticipated loads caused by ice buildup, winds, rigging, and impact loads resulting from the use of ladder safety devices.
  • Individual rung/step ladders must extend at least 42 inches (1.1 m) above an access level or landing platform either by the continuation of the rung spacings as horizontal grab bars or by providing vertical grab bars that must have the same lateral spacing as the vertical legs of the ladder rails.
  • Each step or rung of a fixed ladder must be capable of supporting a load of at least 250 pounds (114 kg) applied in the middle of the step or rung.
  • The minimum clear distance between the sides of individual rung/step ladders and between the side rails of other fixed ladders must be 16 inches (41 cm).
  • The rungs of individual rung/step ladders must be shaped to prevent slipping off the end of the rungs.
  • The rungs and steps of fixed metal ladders manufactured after January 14, 1991, must be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or treated to minimize slipping.
  • The minimum perpendicular clearance between fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and any obstruction behind the ladder must be 7 inches (18 cm), except that the clearance for an elevator pit ladder must be 4.5 inches (11 cm).
  • The minimum perpendicular clearance between the centerline of fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and any obstruction on the climbing side of the ladder must be 30 inches (76 cm). If obstructions are unavoidable, clearance may be reduced to 24 inches (61 cm), provided a deflection device is installed to guide workers around the obstruction.
  • The step-across distance between the center of the steps or rungs of fixed ladders and the nearest edge of a landing area must be no less than 7 inches (18 cm) and no more than 12 inches (30 cm). A landing platform must be provided if the step-across distance exceeds 12 inches (30 cm).
  • Fixed ladders without cages or wells must have at least a 15-inch (38 cm) clear width to the nearest permanent object on each side of the centerline of the ladder.
  • Fixed ladders must be provided with cages, wells, ladder safety devices, or self-retracting lifelines where the length of climb is less than 24 feet (7.3 m) but the top of the ladder is at a distance greater than 24 feet (7.3 m) above lower levels.
  • If the total length of a climb on a fixed ladder equals or exceeds 24 feet (7.3 m), the following requirements must be met: fixed ladders must be equipped with either (a) ladder safety devices; (b) self-retracting lifelines, and rest platforms at intervals not to exceed 150 feet (45.7 m); or (c) a cage or well, and multiple ladder sections, each ladder section not to exceed 50 feet (15.2 m) in length. These ladder sections must be offset from adjacent sections, and landing platforms must be provided at maximum intervals of 50 feet (15.2 m).
  • The side rails of through or side-step fixed ladders must extend 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top level or landing platform served by the ladder. For a parapet ladder, the access level must be at the roof if the parapet is cut to permit passage through it; if the parapet is continuous, the access level is the top of the parapet.
  • Steps or rungs for through-fixed-ladder extensions must be omitted from the extension; and the extension of side rails must be flared to provide between 24 inches (61 cm) and 30 inches (76 cm) clearance between side rails.
  • When safety devices are provided, the maximum clearance between side rail extensions must not exceed 36 inches (91 cm).

Cages for Fixed Ladders

  • Horizontal bands must be fastened to the side rails of rail ladders, or directly to the structure, building, or equipment for individual-rung ladders.
  • Vertical bars must be on the inside of the horizontal bands and must be fastened to them.
  • Cages must not extend less than 27 inches (68 cm), or more than 30 inches (76 cm) from the centerline of the step or rung, and must not be less than 27 inches (68 cm) wide.
  • The inside of the cage must be clear of projections.
  • Horizontal bands must be spaced at intervals not more than 4 feet (1.2 m) apart measured from centerline to centerline.
  • Vertical bars must be spaced at intervals not more than 9.5 inches (24 cm) apart measured from centerline to centerline.
  • The bottom of the cage must be between 7 feet (2.1 m) and 8 feet (2.4 m) above the point of access to the bottom of the ladder. The bottom of the cage must be flared not less than 4 inches (10 cm) between the bottom horizontal band and the next higher band.
  • The top of the cage must be a minimum of 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top of the platform, or the point of access at the top of the ladder. Provisions must be made for access to the platform or other point of access.

Wells for Fixed Ladders

  • Wells must completely encircle the ladder.
  • Wells must be free of projections.
  • The inside face of the well on the climbing side of the ladder must extend between 27 inches (68 cm) and 30 inches (76 cm) from the centerline of the step or rung.
  • The inside width of the well must be at least 30 inches (76 cm).
  • The bottom of the well above the point of access to the bottom of the ladder must be between 7 feet (2.1 m) and 8 feet (2.4 m).

Ladder Safety Devices and Related Support Systems for Fixed Ladders

  • All safety devices must be capable of withstanding, without failure, a drop test consisting of a 500-pound weight (226 kg) dropping 18 inches (41 cm).
  • All safety devices must permit the worker to ascend or descend without continually having to hold, push, or pull any part of the device, leaving both hands free for climbing.
  • All safety devices must be activated within 2 feet (.61 m) after a fall occurs, and limit the descending velocity of an employee to 7 feet/second (2.1 m/sec) or less.
  • The connection between the carrier or lifeline and the point of attachment to the body belt or harness must not exceed 9 inches (23 cm) in length.

Mounting Ladder Safety Devices for Fixed Ladders

  • Mountings for rigid carriers must be attached at each end of the carrier, with intermediate mountings, spaced along the entire length of the carrier, to provide the necessary strength to stop workers’ falls.
  • Mountings for flexible carriers must be attached at each end of the carrier. Cable guides for flexible carriers must be installed with a spacing between 25 feet (76 m) and 40 feet (12.2 m) along the entire length of the carrier, to prevent wind damage to the system.
  • The design and installation of mountings and cable guides must not reduce the strength of the ladder.
  • Side rails, and steps or rungs for side-step fixed ladders must be continuous in extension.

USE OF ALL LADDERS (INCLUDING JOB-MADE LADDERS)

  • When portable ladders are used for access to an upper landing surface, the side rails must extend at least 3 feet (.9 m) above the upper landing surface. When such an extension is not possible, the ladder must be secured, and a grasping device such as a grab rail must be provided to assist workers in mounting and dismounting the ladder. A ladder extension must not deflect under a load that would cause the ladder to slip off its support.
  • Ladders must be maintained free of oil, grease, and other slipping hazards.
  • Ladders must not be loaded beyond the maximum intended load for which they were built nor beyond their manufacturer’s rated capacity.
  • Ladders must be used only for the purpose for which they were designed.
  • Non-self-supporting ladders must be used at an angle where the horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is approximately one-quarter of the working length of the ladder. Wood job-made ladders with spliced side rails must be used at an angle where the horizontal distance is one-eighth the working length of the ladder.
  • Fixed ladders must be used at a pitch no greater than 90 degrees from the horizontal, measured from the back side of the ladder.
  • Ladders must be used only on stable and level surfaces unless secured to prevent accidental movement.
  • Ladders must not be used on slippery surfaces unless secured or provided with slip-resistant feet to prevent accidental movement. Slip-resistant feet must not be used as a substitute for the care in placing, lashing, or holding a ladder upon slippery surfaces.
  • Ladders placed in areas such as passage-ways, doorways, or driveways, or where they can be displaced by workplace activities or traffic must be secured to prevent accidental movement, or a barricade must be used to keep traffic or activities away from the ladder.
  • The area around the top and bottom of the ladders must be kept clear.
  • The top of a non-self-supporting ladder must be placed with two rails supported equally unless it is equipped with a single support attachment.
  • Ladders must not be moved, shifted, or extended while in use.
  • Ladders must have nonconductive siderails if they are used where the worker or the ladder could contact exposed energized electrical equipment.
  • The top or top step of a stepladder must not be used as a step.
  • Cross-bracing on the rear section of stepladders must not be used for climbing unless the ladders are designed and provided with steps for climbing on both front and rear sections.
  • Ladders must be inspected by a competent person for visible defects on a periodic basis and after any incident that could affect their safe use.
  • Single-rail ladders must not be used.
  • When ascending or descending a ladder, the worker must face the ladder.
  • Each worker must use at least one hand to grasp the ladder when moving up or down the ladder.
  • A worker on a ladder must not carry any object or load that could cause the worker to lose balance and fall.

STRUCTURAL DEFECTS

  • Portable ladders with structural defects-such as broken or missing rungs, cleats, or steps, broken or split rails, corroded components, or other faulty or defective components-must immediately be marked defective, or tagged with “Do Not Use” or similar language and withdrawn from service until repaired.
  • Fixed ladders with structural defects-such as broken or missing rungs, cleats, or steps, broken or split rails, or corroded components-must be withdrawn from service until repaired.
  • Defective fixed ladders are considered withdrawn from use when they are (a) immediately tagged with “Do Not Use” or similar language; (b) marked in a manner that identifies them as defective; or (c) blocked (such as with a plywood attachment that spans several rungs).
  • Ladder repairs must restore the ladder to a condition meeting its original design criteria, before the ladder is returned to use.

TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

Under the provisions of the standard, employers must provide a training program for each employee using ladders and stairways. The program must enable each employee to recognize hazards related to ladders and stairways and to use proper procedures to minimize these hazards. For example, employers must ensure that each employee is trained by a competent person in the following areas, as applicable:

  • The nature of fall hazards in the work area;
  • The correct procedures for erecting, maintaining, and disassembling the fall protection systems to be used;
  • The proper construction, use, placement, and care in handling of all stairways and ladders; and
  • The maximum intended load-carrying capacities of ladders used. In addition, retraining must be provided for each employee, as necessary, so that the employee maintains the understanding and knowledge acquired through compliance with the standard.

GLOSSARY

CLEAT – A ladder crosspiece of rectangular cross section placed on edge upon which a person may step while ascending or descending a ladder.

DOUBLE-CLEAT LADDER – A ladder with a center rail to allow simultaneous two-way traffic for employees ascending or descending.

FAILURE – Load refusal, breakage, or separation of components.

FIXED LADDER – A ladder that cannot be readily moved or carried because it is an integral part of a building or structure.

HANDRAIL – A rail used to provide employees with a handhold for support.

JOB-MADE LADDER – A ladder that is fabricated by employees, typically at the construction site; not commercially manufactured.

LOAD REFUSAL – The point where the structural members lose their ability to carry the load.

POINT OF ACCESS – All areas used by employees for work-related passage from one area or level to another.

PORTABLE LADDER – A ladder that can be readily moved or carried.

RISER HEIGHT – The vertical distance from the top of a tread or platform/landing to the top of the next higher tread or platform/landing.

SIDE-STEP FIXED LADDER – A fixed ladder that requires a person to get off at the top to step to the side of the ladder side rails to reach the landing.

SINGLE-CLEAT LADDER – A ladder consisting of a pair of side rails connected together by cleats, rungs, or steps.

STAIRRAIL SYSTEM – A vertical barrier erected along the unprotected sides and edges of a stairway to prevent employees from falling to lower levels.

TEMPORARY SERVICE STAIRWAY – A stairway where permanent treads and/or landings are to be filled in at a later date.

THROUGH FIXED LADDER – A fixed ladder that requires a person getting off at the top to step between the side rails of the ladder to reach the landing.

TREAD DEPTH – The horizontal distance from front to back of a tread, excluding nosing, if any.


1. If installed before March 15, 1991, not less than 30 inches (76 cm).

Source: United States Department of Labor, “Stairways and Ladders” https://www.osha.gov website. Accessed February 25, 2017. https://www.osha.gov/Publications/ladders/osha3124.html

© Copyright 2017. All rights reserved. This content is strictly for informational purposes and although experts have prepared it, the reader should not substitute this information for professional insurance advice. If you have any questions, please consult your insurance professional before acting on any information presented. Read more.

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 110, Uncategorized, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By admin Leave a Comment

Portable Ladder Safety

Misc_WarningTapeFalls from portable ladders (step, straight, combination and extension) are one of the leading causes of occupational fatalities and injuries.

  • Read and follow all labels/markings on the ladder.
  • Avoid electrical hazards! – Look for overhead power lines before handling a ladder. Avoid using a metal ladder near power lines or exposed energized electrical equipment.
  • Always inspect the ladder prior to using it. If the ladder is damaged, it must be removed from service and tagged until repaired or discarded.
  • Always maintain a 3-point (two hands and a foot, or two feet and a hand) contact on the ladder when climbing. Keep your body near the middle of the step and always face the ladder while climbing (see diagram).
  • Only use ladders and appropriate accessories (ladder levelers, jacks or hooks) for their designed purposes.
  • Ladders must be free of any slippery material on the rungs, steps or feet.
  • Do not use a self-supporting ladder (e.g., step ladder) as a single ladder or in a partially closed position.
  • Do not use the top step/rung of a ladder as a step/rung unless it was designed for that purpose.
  • Use a ladder only on a stable and level surface, unless it has been secured (top or bottom) to prevent displacement.
  • Do not place a ladder on boxes, barrels or other unstable bases to obtain additional height.
  • Do not move or shift a ladder while a person or equipment is on the ladder.
  • An extension or straight ladder used to access an elevated surface must extend at least 3 feet above the point of support (see diagram). Do not stand on the three top rungs of a straight, single or extension ladder.
  • The proper angle for setting up a ladder is to place its base a quarter of the working length of the ladder from the wall or other vertical surface (see diagram).
  • A ladder placed in any location where it can be displaced by other work activities must be secured to prevent displacement or a barricade must be erected to keep traffic away from the ladder.
  • Be sure that all locks on an extension ladder are properly engaged.
  • Do not exceed the maximum load rating of a ladder. Be aware of the ladder’s load rating and of the weight it is supporting, including the weight of any tools or equipment.

 

For more information:

U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA

 

Source: United States Department of Labor, “Portable Ladder Safety” https://www.osha.gov website. Accessed February 25, 2017. https://www.osha.gov/Publications/portable_ladder_qc.html

© Copyright 2017. All rights reserved. This content is strictly for informational purposes and although experts have prepared it, the reader should not substitute this information for professional insurance advice. If you have any questions, please consult your insurance professional before acting on any information presented. Read more.

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 110, Uncategorized, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By admin Leave a Comment

Welcome To OSHA’s Fall Prevention Campaign

Misc_BlueHardHatFALLS ARE THE LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN CONSTRUCTION. In 2010, there were 264 fall fatalities (255 falls to lower level) out of 774 total fatalities in construction. These deaths are preventable.

Falls can be prevented and lives can be saved through three simple steps:

  • Plan
  • Provide
  • Train

This website is part of OSHA’s nationwide outreach campaign to raise awareness among workers and employers about the hazards of falls from ladders, scaffolds and roofs. The educational resources page gives workers and employers information about falls and how to prevent them. There are also training tools for employers to use and posters to display at their worksites. Many of the new resources target vulnerable workers with limited English proficiency.

We invite you to join in this effort by helping to reach workers and employers in your community with the resources you find on this site. OSHA will continue to add information and tools to this page throughout the year.

OSHA has partnered with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) – Construction Sector on this nationwide outreach campaign to raise awareness among workers and employers about common fall hazards in construction, and how falls from ladders, scaffolds and roofs can be prevented and lives can be saved. Here’s how:

PLAN ahead to get the job done safely

When working from heights, such as ladders, scaffolds, and roofs, employers must plan projects to ensure that the job is done safely. Begin by deciding how the job will be done, what tasks will be involved, and what safety equipment may be needed to complete each task.

When estimating the cost of a job, employers should include safety equipment, and plan to have all the necessary equipment and tools available at the construction site. For example, in a roofing job, think about all of the different fall hazards, such as holes or skylights and leading edges, then plan and select fall protection suitable to that work, such as personal fall arrest systems (PFAS).

PROVIDE the right equipment

Workers who are six feet or more above lower levels are at risk for serious injury or death if they should fall. To protect these workers, employers must provide fall protection and the right equipment for the job, including the right kinds of ladders, scaffolds, and safety gear.

Different ladders and scaffolds are appropriate for different jobs. Always provide workers with the kind they need to get the job done safely. For roof work, there are many ways to prevent falls. If workers use personal fall arrest systems (PFAS), provide a harness for each worker who needs to tie off to the anchor. Make sure the PFAS fits, and regularly inspect all fall protection equipment to ensure it’s still in good condition and safe to use.

TRAIN everyone to use the equipment safely

Falls can be prevented when workers understand proper set-up and safe use of equipment, so they need training on the specific equipment they will use to complete the job. Employers must train workers in hazard recognition and in the care and safe use ladders, scaffolds, fall protection systems, and other equipment they’ll be using on the job.

OSHA has provided numerous materials and resources that employers can use during toolbox talks to train workers on safe practices to avoid falls in construction. Falls from ladders, scaffolds and roofs can be prevented and lives can be saved through three simple steps: Plan, Provide and Train.

Fact Sheet
English: HTML | PDF — en Español: HTML | PDF
Polish: PDF | Russian: PDF

Multiple printed copies can be ordered by any of the following methods.

Online

  • Visit OSHA’s Publications web page.

Fax

  • Send your request via fax to 202-693-1635.

Telephone

  • Call 1-800 321-6742 (OSHA) or 202-693-1999.

Mail

  • Send your request in writing to:
  • U.S. Department of Labor
  • OSHA Office of Communications
  • 200 Constitution Ave., NW
  • Room N3647
  • Washington, DC 20210

National Safety
Stand-Down

What’s New?

versión en español

HighlightWhat’s New

  • NEW OSHA announces national stand-down for fall prevention in construction[3/19/14]
  • NEW CPWR: Construction Fatality Map
  • NEW New Jersey Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE)
    • Temporary Wooden Bridge Platforms (PDF)
  • NEW Fall from a Telecommunications Tower: FATAL Facts(PDF*)
  • Complete Fall Prevention Campaign Web Page available in Spanish [en español]
  • Ladder Safety Guidance
    • Falling Off Ladders Can Kill: Use Them Safely – Booklet (PDF* | EPUB* |MOBI*)
    • Safe Use of Extension Ladders – Fact Sheet (English) (PDF*)
    • Safe Use of Job-made Wooden Ladders – Fact Sheet (English) (PDF*)
    • Safe Use of Stepladders – Fact Sheet (English) (PDF*)
    • NIOSH Ladder safety phone app – English and Spanish
  • Fall Protection: Roofing. Washington State Video.
  • Fall Protection: Trusses. Washington State Video.
  • American Ladder Institute Training Videos. Now available in Spanish
Prevention Videos (v-Tools)
  • Falls in Construction
    • Floor Openings
    • Fixed Scaffolds
    • Bridge Decking
    • Reroofing
    • Leading Edge Work
    • California Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE).
      • Solar Industry
      • Skylights
Campaign Partners
  • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • The National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA)

Source: United States Department of Labor, “Welcome to OSHA’s Fall Prevention Campaign” https://www.osha.gov website. Accessed February 25, 2017. https://www.osha.gov/stopfalls/index.html

© Copyright 2017. All rights reserved. This content is strictly for informational purposes and although experts have prepared it, the reader should not substitute this information for professional insurance advice. If you have any questions, please consult your insurance professional before acting on any information presented. Read more.

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 110, Uncategorized, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By Julian Aston Leave a Comment

IN: OSHA Training: Courses, Materials & Resources

Dear Valued Customer,

In this issue of the “——————“ we focus on OSHA training courses, materials and resources.

OSHA offers a wide selection of training courses and educational programs to help broaden worker and employer knowledge on the recognition, avoidance, and prevention of safety and health hazards in their workplaces. OSHA also offers training and educational materials that help businesses train their workers and comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Read on to learn more.

We appreciate your continued business and look forward to serving you.

Kind regards,

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 108, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By admin Leave a Comment

OSHA Training: Courses, Materials & Resources

People_CoupleAssistedOnComputerOSHA offers a wide selection of training courses and educational programs to help broaden worker and employer knowledge on the recognition, avoidance, and prevention of safety and health hazards in their workplaces. OSHA also offers training and educational materials that help businesses train their workers and comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act.

This page references training courses, educational programs, and training materials and resources that are administered by the OSHA Directorate of Training and Education.

Highlights

OSHA publishes new and updated materials on worker safety and health.OSHA publishes new and updated materials on worker safety and health.
Topics include: Workers’ Rights*, Employers’ Rights and Responsibilities following an OSHA Inspection,Construction Industry Digest*, Small Entity Compliance Guide for Respiratory Protection Standard*, Laboratory Safety Guidance*.
A series of new QuickCards and new publications to help protect construction, general industry and shipyard workers are also available on OSHA’s Publications page.
OSHA Safety and Health Training Resources

OSHA offers a wide selection of training materials and resources to help broaden worker and employer knowledge on the recognition, avoidance, and prevention of safety and health hazards in their workplaces.

This page references training materials developed by Susan Harwood grantees, trainer materials, videos available through the Resource Center Loan Program, OSHA developed materials, and links to training resources by other organizations. All materials are available free of charge.

See the Training Requirements in OSHA Standards and Training Guidelines to access the complete OSHA training requirements.

  • New Injury and Illness Prevention Programs Web Page
  • Introduction to OSHA Materials
Quick Link
  • OSHA Compliance Guidance on Training
  • OSHA Training Requirements
  • Training Best Practices Documents
  • OSHA Publications
Grantee Developed Materials

Features training materials such PowerPoints, instructor and student manuals, and test questions developed by Susan Harwood grantees:

  • By Topic
  • By Language
  • By Grantee
Trainer Materials

Includes PowerPoints & other materials developed for Outreach Trainers:

  • Introduction to OSHA
  • Construction
  • General Industry
  • Materials in Spanish
Videos for Loan

Videos in English and Spanish are available through the Resource Center Loan Program:

  • Catalog
  • Policies and Procedures
  • Borrowing Agreement
OSHA Developed Materials

Materials developed by OSHA that can be used in training include:

  • Training and Reference Materials Library
  • OSHA Compliance Assistance Resources
  • OSHA eTools
  • Introduction to OSHA
  • Focus Four
Other Training Resources
To access occupational safety and health training materials and resources developed by other federal and state agencies please visit the Other Safety and Health Training Resources webpage.
* Accessibility Assistance: Contact the OSHA Directorate of Training and Education at (847) 759-7700 for assistance accessing PDF materials.

Source: United States Department of Labor, “OSHA Training: Courses, Materials and Resources” https://www.osha.gov website. Accessed November 24, 2015. https://www.osha.gov/dte/index.html

© Copyright 2016. All rights reserved. This content is strictly for informational purposes and although experts have prepared it, the reader should not substitute this information for professional insurance advice. If you have any questions, please consult your insurance professional before acting on any information presented. Read more.

Filed Under: Business, OSHA/Safety Training, Theme 108, Weekly Safety Meetings

August 6, 2014 By admin Leave a Comment

Outreach Training Program: Introduction To OSHA

Misc_QuestionMarkSignThis is a two-hour training component emphasizing workers’ rights. It is required content in every 10- and 30-hour OSHA Construction, General Industry, and Maritime Outreach course. OSHA developed the component in support of the Secretary of Labor’s goal of strengthening the voice of workers on the job.

This component has been updated to incorporate the recent changes to the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) to align with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS).

OSHA Training Institute: Introduction to OSHA INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

Frequently Asked Questions

When does an outreach trainer have to incorporate this module into the 10- and 30-hour outreach classes?

The requirement is effective immediately. OSHA will note the requirement in the next revision of the Outreach Training Program Guidelines scheduled for October 2010.

Do I need any other materials for this required training curriculum? 

For security reasons the tests and answer sheets for this curriculum are not included. Authorized trainers may obtain the test and answer sheets from their authorizing training organization, see OTI Education Center Locations Map.

What flexibility does a trainer have in using these materials?

Trainers must follow the learning objectives and integrate all participatory activities into the training. See page i of the Instructor Guide for a list of the learning objectives. Since the module supports the Secretary of Labor’s goal of enhancing the voice of workers in their workplace it is important to engage the students in the activities and exercises, and particularly in each of the major “Workers Rights” topic discussions. A trainer may use other suitable presentation materials in their training. This would allow a trainer to add work-site photos and company-specific tailoring to the presentation. All 12 Student Handouts must be distributed, although some flexibility is allowed, as follows. Handout #1, trainers may download an updated Fatality/Catastrophe list from the OSHA website. For Handout #12, trainers may develop an alternate scenario for the activity covering filing a complaint (Handout #12a, b or c). Trainers may use their own PowerPoint Slides when conducting this training. However, the focus of the training should be on discussion and interaction, not slides. Some questions, exercises, and handouts are based on whether trainers are teaching a Construction, General Industry or Maritime outreach class. Trainers only need to use the applicable industry portion.

Lesson Objectives

Terminal Objective:

Given OSHA historical events and current information, the student will be able to explain the importance of OSHA in providing a safe and healthful workplace to workers covered by OSHA.

Enabling Objectives:

  • Explain why OSHA is important to workers
  • Explain worker rights under OSHA
  • Discuss employer responsibilities under OSHA
  • Discuss the use of OSHA standards
  • Explain how OSHA inspections are conducted
  • Utilize helpful worker safety and health resources

Source: United States Department of Labor, “Outreach Training Program” https://www.osha.gov website. Accessed November 24, 2015. https://www.osha.gov/dte/outreach/teachingaids.html

© Copyright 2016. All rights reserved. This content is strictly for informational purposes and although experts have prepared it, the reader should not substitute this information for professional insurance advice. If you have any questions, please consult your insurance professional before acting on any information presented. Read more.

Filed Under: Affordable Care Act, Personal, Theme 108, Weekly Safety Meetings

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